Aeroplane.



E. H. ANDRAE.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNEZ, 1910.

Patented Sept. 19,1911.

3 8HEET8-SEEET 1.

E. H. ANDRAE.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2,1910.

Patented Sept. '19, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 wu wtom firmtfimae E. H. ANDRAB.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION 111.211 JUNE2,1910.

1,003,6W, Patented Sept. 19,1911.

Ali, t Jrzafiae R mvemtov ERNST H. ANDBAE, or DALLAS, TEXAS,

' AEROPLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

, Be it known that I, ERNST H. Assume, a

1 citizen of the United States, residing at Dallas, county of'Dallas, State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which the 4 following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to an aeroplane havin propellerstherefor adapted to be shifted pose of raising the aeroplane or for driving it in different directions.

"provide a novel .and improved construction The invention has for an Object to provide a novel and improved construction of an aeroplane comprising se arated dihedral horizontal planes which is in the same horizontal plane and having'at their inner edges vertical planes which are disposed at opposite sides of the frame or platform of the machine which joins the base .of said vertical planes. a

- A further object of the invention is to of the pro ,elling mechanism for an aerolane whic mstable into di erent positions relative to the planes in order to produce either a rising movement thereof or a driving move-- mentin a horizontal or other plane.

Other and further objects and advan- .tages of the invention will be hereinafter In the drawings-Figure 'set forth and then'ovel features thereof defined by the appended claims.

' a of the aeroplane; Fig; '2'is a central longitudinal section thereof; Fig.. 3 is a cross section on line ti -3 f Fi elevation of the means t on on 1 hr section on line 66 of Fi 1 Fig. 4'is an or I adjustin 'the p pellers; .Fig. 5 is a detail vertica secline 5- 5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a simi- 6 1; Fig.4 is

a detail vertical section of t e adjustable friction gear; and Fig. 8 is a Similar view of the mounting for the adjustable pro-J pellera,

' Like numerals ofreference refer to like rectangular v parts in the several figures of the drawings.

vThe numeral 10 designates the frame of. themachine which may be of any desired construction or, configuration, preferably asshown'; This frame is pro-.

vided with suitable platforms 11 to receive 1 the engine '7 standards 13 are provided, these being or motor 12 and for the operator. At

con-

" Applieation filed June-2,1910. Seria1N .564,658.

into different positions for the pun ing shaft 23,

bearings 24 carried by an angle frame 25..

is ivotallymounted and ad-- 1 is a top plan' similar to the wheel 35.

each side of the frame, vertical nected at their upper ends by longitudinal Patented se t. 19,1911.

bars 14 which, at the front of the machine,

taper toward each other as shown at 15. These vertical standards 13 are covered with canvas .or other suitable material 'to form parallel vertical planes 16 at each side of the frame extending the length thereof. At the upper end of these standards, intersecting planes 17 are mounted and extend outward therefrom in substantially a horizontal plane forming dihedral wings. The

outer ends of these wings may be braced in any desired manner, for instance by guy wires 18 extending therefrom to the frame and also to the vertical extensions 19 above the frame provided for that purpose.

These extensions may be. connected by a brace 20 as shown in Fig.2.

The propelling mechanism for the aeroplane comprises a-pi'votally mounted frame 21 which is journaled at 22 upon the drivthis shaft being mounted in This latter frame is mounted uponcrossbars 26 of the frameKlO and the apex of its angle raises the bearings 22 above the frame 10 sufficient to permit a proper swinging movement ofthe ropeller frame 21. This frame is provided at its top with a crossbar 27 having bearings 28 at each end receive the propeller shafts 29, each of which carries a pro eller 300i any desired construction. The ower ends of the 'pro- -peller shafts are mountedin bearings 31 and are provided with beveled gears 32 which cooperate with meshin gears 33 car ried upon the ends of the s aft 23. The ropeller frame is extended beneath the rame 10 as shown at 34 and there rovided with pivotally mounted lan mg wheels 35, these being preferably covers with canvas or other material to form a plane for resistance a eral dis lacement. T provide 37 having at its e frame 10 is also free end a covered wheel 38 These wheels provide means for supplorting the frame above the ground when t e aeroplane is at rest and also permit ground when the propeller 1S'd1Sp0Se Cl to so drive it. e

" The propellers may be driven by any desired character of engine 12 and connections therefrom, for instance by the fr ction disk "39 whichcotiperates' with a similar disk 40 ainst tilting or lat- 9. with a rearwardly' extending arm it to travel upon the splined upon the shaft 23. to slide thereon. This sliding may be effected by means of a lever 41 connected to the collar 42 of the disk 40 and provided with a latch 43 to holdjthe parts in adjusted position. By this means, the driving shaft may be-rotated at any desired speed or its rotation stopped without stopping the engines. The bearings of the driving shaft and of the propeller frame may be provided with balls of any ordinary construction, for instance as shown at 44 and 45, respectively, in Fig. 8.

Any preferred means may be used for adjusting the propeller frame, a desirable form thereof being illustrated which comprises cords or cables 46 connected tothe means of the cords or cables 62 extending propeller frame at 47 and extending over suitable idler pulleys 48 to the shaft 49 which is supported from the frame by the standards 50 and provided with winding 56 is also disposed above and below the v horizontal rudder and adapted to be shifted by means of the cranlr'arms 57 and'the connections 58 extended therefrom to a convenient point. At the rear of the frame, an adjustable plane or rudder 59 is carried by the frame 60 said frame being pivoted at 61 and adapted to be shifted vertically by over the idlers 63 to any desired point.

In the operation of the invention, when the propellers are in the position shown by full lines in Fig. 2, the aeroplane is caused to rise from theground and when it is in the air this propeller is shifted so as to drive the aeroplane forward at any desiredangle to produce either an ascending or descending movement or to travel in a horizontal lane. The propeller is shown by dotted ines in Fig. 2 in position to propel theae roplane forward, when shifted to the .opposlte pos tion, the momentum thereof may be retarded .or the travel reversed to produce a backward movement. The aeroand wheel act to counterbalance the weight plane may also be driven upon the ground by shifting the propeller to the dotted line position. The means shown for shifting the propeller permit it to be at all times controlled while the. depending latter frame of the propeller and its frame above so as to render the shifting easily accomplished.

The driving connections permit any desired speed of rotation and also a reversal of the direction of the propellers. The arrangement of the planes at a dihedral angle form separated wings .having'at their inner edges vertical planes joined by the platform of the frame, thus giving a low center of gravity and providing an extended supporting area in case of a side tipping or tilting of the aeroplane. This tilting movement is also resisted by the covered depending wheels which produce a leverage and a resistance which aids the automatic stability of the aeroplane. a r

The invention presents a simpleand efficient construction of aeroplane having the greatest stability against tilting or lateral displacement by currents of air or other .causes, thus greatly increasing the safety of the operator, while'the pivoted propellers provide a single, simple means by which the movement of the aeroplane can be controlled in any direction and its ascension and landing easily effected. This construction permits the propellers to be disposed in the space between the planes which is at all times clear and unobstructed, thus efi'ecting the most efficient action thereof as the air currents from the propellers are not affected by an adjacent surface. s

Having described my invention and set forth its merits, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In an aeroplane, a frame, vertically disposed planes, at opposite sides thereof, dihedral horizontally disposed planes extending outwardly from said vertical planes, said horizontal planes being mounted in the same horizontal plane, an adjustable support mounted at the rear of the upper portion of said frame and providedat opposite sides of the frame with horizontally disposed planes, and means for shifting said support in a vertical plane.

2. In an aeroplane, a frame comprising a platform having parallel standards at its opposite sides, vertical planes secured to said standards, horizontally disposed planes extending outwardly from said standards, said horizontal planes being in the same horizontal plane, a drive shaft mounted in said frame, a propeller frame pivotally mounted on said drive shaft, a, balancing frame disposed beneath said propeller frame having a vertical plane, and means for swinging said propeller frameand holding the same in its adjusted position.

3. Inan aeroplane, a'main frame pro-' vided with planes, a propeller-frame pivotallysmounted upon saidmain' frame, propellers mounted in said propeller frame, drlvlng means for said propellers, means for shifting said propeller frame, a depending frame fromsaid propeller frame, and a wheel carried bysaid depending frame.

' for shifting said pro ,eller frame, a depending spaced 1,oos,ea7

4.,In an aeroplane, a main frame pro- I vided with planes, a propeller frame piv0t-" ally mounted upon said main frame propellers mounted in "said propeller frame, driving means for said propellers,.means ing frame fromisai propeller frame, and covered wheelscarried by said depending frame. I 5., An aero lane comprising a frame havorizontal and vertically disfiosed planesto form a central opening, a orizontal drive shaft mounted in said In testlmony whereof I aflizi my signature 2 in presence of two witnesses.

ERNST ANDRAE.

Witnesses: a

A. H. KNIGHT, v S. H. Evans, 

